Arts & Culture

From Cultural Diplomacy to Creative Cities: A History of International Theatre Festival

From Cultural Diplomacy to Creative Cities: A History of International Theatre Festival

International theatre festivals have long served as sites of cultural exchange, political expression, and artistic innovation. This article traces their evolution from post–World War II cultural diplomacy to their role in today’s “creative city” economy, examining how festivals reflect shifting geopolitical forces, neoliberal policies, and ongoing tensions between global prestige and local representation.